Ibikoresho byo gupfunyika impapuro n'ibikoresho byo gupfunyika ni byo bikoreshwa cyane mu gupfunyika impapuro, muri byo harimo ibikoresho bya pulp busted ni bimwe mu bicuruzwa by'ingenzi byo gupfunyika impapuro. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ibikoresho by'ubwenge, inzira yo gupfunyika pulp yateye imbere cyane, kandi havutse uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha impapuro bwateje iterambere mu nganda zikora impapuro na pulasitiki.
Ibikoresho byabumbwe n'ibinyabutabire biva mu bidukikije, nyuma yo kubikoresha imyanda ishobora kongera gukoreshwa no kongera gukoreshwa, ishobora kwangirika, ni ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gupfunyikamo ibidukikije bitangiza ibidukikije, bigenda bimenyekana buhoro buhoro kandi byemerwa mu "kwifuza kubaho neza hagati y'umuntu na kamere", iterambere ryabyo rijyanye n'umuraba w'ibidukikije ku isi wo kurinda ibidukikije n'ibidukikije.
Ainyungu:
● Ibikoresho fatizo ni impapuro z'imyanda cyangwa fibre y'ibimera, bifite ibikoresho fatizo binini kandi birengera ibidukikije ku cyatsi kibisi;
● Igikorwa cyayo cyo kugitunganya kirangira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kugitunganya, kugishyiraho, kugishyiraho no kugishushanya, ibyo bikaba bitangiza ibidukikije;
● Ishobora kongera gukoreshwa no kongera gukoreshwa;
● Ingano ni ntoya ugereranyije na pulasitiki ifite ifuro, ishobora gupfunyikwa, kandi gutwara ibintu biroroshye.
Ikintu gikomeye cyane mu gukora ibikomoka ku bimera ni uko biva mu migozi karemano, bigasubira mu bidukikije bitanduje ibidukikije na gato, kandi bikaba igice cy’ibidukikije gifite ubwumvikane kandi kiboneye. Biva mu bidukikije koko, bigasubira mu bidukikije, ntibihumanya ibidukikije mu buzima bwose, bikurikiza neza igitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije, kandi bitanga umusanzu ku "amazi mabi n'imisozi mibi ni zahabu n'ifeza".
Ibikoresho byabumbwe mu mavuta bifite ingaruka nziza zo kudahungabana, kudakora nabi, kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere, kurwanya ingese, kandi nta mwanda uhumanya ibidukikije, ibyo bikaba byorohereza ibicuruzwa by’uruganda kwinjira ku masoko mpuzamahanga no mu gihugu, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu guteka, ibiribwa, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi, mudasobwa, ibice bya mekanike, ibikoresho by’inganda, ibikoresho by’ubukorikori indobanure, ibirahuri, ibikinisho, imiti, imitako n’izindi nganda.
Dukurikije uburyo ibikomoka ku bimera bikozwe mu mavuta, bishobora kugabanywamo ibintu bine by'ingenzi bikoreshwa: gupakira mu nganda, gupakira mu buhinzi, gupakira ibiribwa no gupakira mu buvuzi.
▶ ▶Gupakira ibiryo
Ibikoresho byo ku meza bikozwe mu mpapuro bikozwe mu buryo bw'isuku binyuze mu gushushanya, gushushanya, kumisha n'ibindi bikorwa, cyane cyane harimo ibikombe by'impapuro bikozwe mu buryo bw'isuku, amasahani y'impapuro akozwe mu buryo bw'isuku, amasahani y'impapuro akozwe mu buryo bw'isuku, amasahani y'impapuro akozwe mu buryo bw'isuku, n'ibindi.
Ibicuruzwa byayo bifite isura nziza kandi ifatika, bikomeye kandi bikozwe mu buryo bwa pulasitiki, birwanya umuvuduko no gupfunyika, bifite ibikoresho byoroheje, byoroshye kubika no gutwara; Ntibishobora gusa kuba bidashobora amazi no kwirinda amavuta, ahubwo binashobora no kubika firigo no gushyushya mu ifuru ya mikoroonde; Ntibishobora gusa guhuza n'imirire n'imiterere y'ibiribwa by'abantu ba none, ahubwo binahuza n'ibyo kurya byihuse. Ibikoresho byo ku meza bikozwe mu buryo bwa pulp ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gusimbura ibikoresho byo ku meza bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha.
▶ ▶Gupakira mu nganda
Gukoresha ibikoresho by'impapuro nk'umupfundikizo, bifite pulasitiki nziza, imbaraga zikomeye zo gupfunyika, byujuje ibisabwa by'amashanyarazi yo gupfunyika imbere, uburyo bwo kubitunganya biroroshye kandi nta ngaruka zo kwanduza ibidukikije, kandi ibicuruzwa bifite ubushobozi bwo kwihutisha ibintu kandi bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kubikoresha.
Ibikoresho byo gupfunyika mu nganda birimo gukoreshwa cyane buhoro buhoro mu bikoresho byo mu rugo, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho by'itumanaho, ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, ibumba, ikirahure, ibikoresho byo gupfunyika, ibikinisho, amatara, ubukorikori n'ibindi bicuruzwa biriho ibipfunyika bidahungabana.
▶ ▶ Gupakira ibicuruzwa by'ubuhinzi n'ibikomoka ku bimera
Ibikoresho bikozwe mu ruganda rw'ubuhinzi n'ibikomoka ku bimera ni amagi.
Ibikoresho by'amagi byakozwe mu mpapuro bikwiriye cyane mu gutwara no gupakira amagi menshi, amagi y'ibishuhe, amagi y'inkoko, n'andi magi y'inkoko bitewe n'uko adafite ibikoresho bifatika kandi afite imiterere yihariye y'amagi, ndetse no guhumeka neza, kuba mashya, ndetse no gushyiramo neza no gushyira mu mwanya wayo. Gukoresha udupaki tw'amagi twakozwe mu mpapuro mu gupakira amagi mashya bishobora kugabanya igipimo cy'ibyangiritse by'ibikomoka ku magi kuva kuri 8% kugeza kuri 10% by'ibipfunyika bisanzwe kugeza munsi ya 2% mu gihe cyo gutwara amagi kure.
Buhoro buhoro, impapuro zometseho imbuto n'imboga nazo zarakunzwe cyane. Izindi pallet zikozwe mu mpapuro ntizishobora gukumira gusa kugongana no kwangirika hagati y'imbuto, ahubwo zishobora no gusohora ubushyuhe bw'imbuto, zigakura amazi yavuye mu mwuka, zikagabanya ubushyuhe bwa ethylene, zikarinda kwangirika no kwangirika kw'imbuto, zikongera igihe cyo kuba nshya z'imbuto, kandi zikagira uruhare izindi paki zidashobora kugira.
▶ ▶ Inzego zikoresha udushya
Ibikoresho bikozwe mu mavuta ntabwo bigira gusa intego zavuzwe haruguru, ahubwo binagira imirimo yihariye yo gushariza, nk'ibicuruzwa by'umuco n'ubuhanzi n'ubukorikori; imiyoboro y'impapuro; Amacupa, utubati, amasanduku, imbaho zo gushushanya, nibindi bikozwe icyarimwe. Bizagira kandi ubushobozi bukomeye mu nganda nka gisirikare, imyenda, n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu.
Abashobora kuzamurwa mu ntera
Nk'umusaruro ukiri mushya udafite ingaruka ku bidukikije, ibicuruzwa bikozwe mu ruhu birimo kwinjira buhoro buhoro mu gihe cy'ubuzima bw'umusaruro. Bitewe no kunoza imibereho y'abantu no gusobanukirwa ibidukikije, ndetse no kunoza ikoranabuhanga ry'ibicuruzwa bikozwe mu ruhu, uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bikozwe mu ruhu buzarushaho gukwirakwira, bikagira uruhare runini mu kurengera ibidukikije ku isi no kubuza pulasitiki.
Ibikoresho byakozwe mu ibumba bifite imiterere y’ibikoresho fatizo byinshi, gukora no gukoresha bidafite umwanda, gukoresha ibintu byinshi, ku giciro gito, uburemere bworoheje, gukomera cyane, gukoresha neza plastike, gufunga neza, guhinduranya, no gukora neza imitako, kandi bishobora kongera gukoreshwa no kongera gukoreshwa. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, ugereranije n’ibicuruzwa bisanzwe byo gupfunyika mu ibumba, bifite intambwe ikomeye - byazamuye uburyo bwo gupfunyika mu mpapuro kuva ku ibumba kugeza ku ibumba mu mpapuro mu cyiciro gishya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-20-2023